face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 665, 666, ЭСТЯ 5 328. The root should be distinguished from *Kar/ (v. sub *k`e/r/a\). Note that in Siberian languages the reflexes of *r/ and *s coincide, so all the forms attributed to *Kar/ can also reflect PT *Kas.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 screen, covering 2 to screen, obstruct light 3 shadow
face="Times New Roman Star"1 укрытие, полог, занавес 2 давать тень, укрывать от света 3 тень
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?ige (OUygh.) 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?i- (MK) 2, ko"s?ik (MK) 1, ko"s?ige (MK) 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?u"ke| 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"zen|e 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z?ege 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"z?ege 1, 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?o"go" 1
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 753. The root tends to merge with PT *ko"l/- 'to shiver (of cold), freeze' (see VEWT 294), as well as with *ko"li- 'shadow' - but they should be probably kept apart. Turk. > MMong. ko"s?i-, ko"s?ige, ko"s?ge (TMN 1, 481, Щербак 1997, 128, Clark 1980, 41) > Evk. kuc?i-, kuc?iger (Doerfer MT 125).
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 471, Федотов 1, 247. The OT word is questionable: an OT Hapax, but the second part (java) is also a plant root. Tag|na java was added to sour milk in order to colour it. Cf. Sak. ttum.gara, Tokh. B tva:n.Ka:rai, Tib. (Khotan) don-gra 'ginger'. Bailey derives from Iran. *tuvam-kara, i.e. 'made thick', but a Turkic origin (with Sak. suffixation) is also possible. If the Oyr. and Chuv. forms belong here the approximate PT reconstruction could be *Tagna 'root, stalk'. Turk. > Mong.: Khalkha ta:na 'лук многокорешковый'.
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 597. The form, although isolated, is clearly different from *K(i)aj-guk (v. sub *ga>\ja/), attested both in Old Turkic and modern languages.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 large earthenware jar for storing flour 2 bin, crib for flour, grain
face="Times New Roman Star"1 большой глиняный сосуд для муки 2 ларь, закром для муки, зерна
face="Times New Roman Star"kendu"k (MK - Ganch.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"ndu"k 'jug' (Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"kandik 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ka"ndi 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ka"ndi 'basket'
face="Times New Roman Star"kandi 'round wooden bowl'
face="Times New Roman Star"kendik 'room for grain, fuel' (may be < Pers.)
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 729. Clauson regards the word as an unequivocal iranism. The Iranian forms are: Pekhl. kndwg ( > Armen. k'andouk), Pers. kandu:, kandu:k 'big earthenware vessel for storing grain', Osset. xaendyg 'pail for pickled cheese'. Persian is the source of Syr. kndwk-, Arab. kandu:z?| 'big vessel for grain'. Also related is Sak. khadi:rakya (*xandi:ra-) 'a vessel' (possibly, some basket-work, see Bailey 71, Аб. 4, 173). Abayev derives the above forms from Iran. *kan- 'to dig' - which is not quite plausible (in a participle we would expect the zero grade vocalism; unclear is the labial vowel in the suffix; semantics raises doubts). On the other hand, all the above Iranian forms can be well explained as Turkisms, including the Saka form - with the suffix -rak (a wellknown suffix for receptacles, see Bang 1918). External parallels provide the final support for such a decision. Middle Greek ko/ndu" 'pota":/rion' may be < Bulg., cf. the Chuv. semantics (see Фасмер sub кандия; cf. also other European words possibly having the same source).
face="Times New Roman Star"1 seam 2 thin straps for sewing 3 to sew, lace 4 to tack 5 tack, basting 6 needlework 7 to fasten
face="Times New Roman Star"1 шов 2 тонкие ремешки для шитья 3 прошивать, стегать, подшивать 4 обметывать, приметать 5 наметка 6 шитье 7 присоединять, привязывать
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k (OUygh.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kle- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"kle|- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k (Sangl., Abush.) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ku.k 5
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 5, ko"kle|- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 5, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kte- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 6, ko"kto"- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"kъgъr- 7
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"'k (Todzh.) 1, ko"kte- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 2, ko"kto"- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kle- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kle- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"k 2, ko"kle- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"kle- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 287, EDT 708, ЭСТЯ 91. Following EDT (and despite VEWT and ЭСТЯ) we prefer to separate this root from *ko"k 'hinge, peg, tether' (v. sub *k`o:ki/).
face="Times New Roman Star"1 утренняя заря 2 туман, мгла
face="Times New Roman Star"c?an| ( ? c?a"n|) (ЛОК) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"c?en 2 (dial.) (?)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?an| 2 (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?a"n, dial. c?an| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"san|marax 'марево'
face="Times New Roman Star"s/an-/s/avъn-talъk 'weather, climate' (Федотов 2 84-85; the second part = Tat. ta"wlek 'day, 24 hours')
face="Times New Roman Star"s?an|daq 'glow in the sky (from celestial phenomena or from fire)', dial. san|g|a"rt 'марево'
face="Times New Roman Star"ДТС 139, Лексика 35, 36. A somewhat dubious root. The words meaning 'mist' may go back to a separate root, PT *c?en| 'dust'. Other forms (including the late OT one) can be < Mong., but semantics is rather against assuming such a loan.
face="Times New Roman Star"1 Alnus fruticosa; Labrador tea 2 a k. of fern
face="Times New Roman Star"1 вид ольхи; багульник 2 вид папоротника
face="Times New Roman Star"apa bas?y 'Cannabis sativa, it is a plant which grows like Cucumis sativus and has a thorny stern, it is eaten in the mountains' (MK Qypch.)
face="Times New Roman Star"abag|a 2
face="Times New Roman Star"uba-zarri 2
face="Times New Roman Star"abag|a 1
face="Times New Roman Star"abag|a 2
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 1, Попов 1986, 92. OT and Chuv. reflect a folk etymology (confusion with apa 'bear').
